The California Supreme Court ruled last week that they could be slapped with punitive damages for fraudulently breaching contracts.
The far-reaching decision could, in essence, threaten the predictability of risk in commercial contracts, whether it involves deals with adult webmaster affiliate programs or, in the case decided, faulty helicopter clutches.
The court affirmed $6 million in punitive damages against Dana Corp., a company that supplied helicopter equipment to Robinson Helicopter Co. The ruling was separate of $1.5 million in compensatory damages awarded to Robinson.
Robinson sued Dana for intentionally concealing that its sprag clutches — parts that keep helicopter blades rotating through a loss of power — weren't up to FAA specifications.
California justices ruled, 6-1, that Dana could be slapped with punitive damages because its fraudulent conduct was separate from breaching a contract.
Writing for the majority, Justice Janice Rogers Brown said Robinson had proven “dispositive fraudulent conduct” independent of the breach of contract — continuing to provide written certificates to Robinson with each delivery, falsely asserting that the clutches had been manufactured in conformance with Robinson’s written specifications.
Brown rejected the argument that limiting the buyer to a contract remedy under such circumstances would be consistent with public policy encouraging commercial transactions with predictable results.
“No rational party would enter into a contract anticipating that they are or will be lied to,” Brown wrote. “[D]ana’s argument therefore proposes to increase the certainty in contractual relationships by encouraging fraudulent conduct at the expense of an innocent party. No public policy supports such an outcome.”
But Justice Kathryn Mickle Werdegar, with the lone dissent, said the majority of the court was prescribing “a cure worse than the disease.”
“Today's decision greatly enhances the ease with which every breach of contract claim can don tort clothes,” Werdeger wrote. “I fear that in doing so, it opens a Pandora's box better left sealed.”
The ruling is Robinson Helicopter vs. Dana, No. S114054.
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