D.C. Circuit Hands Prenda Law a Stinging Defeat

WASHINGTON — A federal appeals court yesterday rebuffed Prenda Law's attempt to  subpoena identifying information on more than 1,000 allegedly illegal porn downloads.

The decision by the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia is a stinging one for the copyright troll law firm and is the first appellate ruling on key tactics employed by them to tilt the playing field.

“It is quite obvious that AF Holdings could not possibly have had a good faith belief that it could successfully sue the overwhelming majority of the 1,058 John Doe defendants in this district,” U.S. Circuit Judge David Tatel wrote. “AF Holdings clearly abused the discovery process.”

Tatel and two other judges ruled that AF Holdings is not entitled to contact information for people whose IP addresses were linked to BitTorrent downloads of the film “Popular Demand” because few of them live in the District of Columbia, where the lawsuit was filed.

As a result, the panel said it’s unlikely any connection exists among all of the Internet addresses subject to the subpoena.

"To paraphrase an analogy offered by amicus counsel at oral argument, two BitTorrent users who download the same file months apart are like two individuals who play at the same blackjack table at different times," the 16-page ruling said. "They may have won the same amount of money, employed the same strategy, and perhaps even played with the same dealer, but they have still engaged in entirely separate transactions."

Tatel criticized counsel from Prenda Law, noting that a judge in another case, Los Angeles federal jurist Otis Wright, had described it as a “porno-trolling collective” and that the firm “appears to have disbanded and then reconstituted itself in a similar form." AF Holdings is represented by Paul Duffy, who works for Prenda Law.

"[S]ometimes individuals seek to manipulate judicial procedures to serve their own improper ends. This case calls upon us to evaluate — and put a stop to — one litigant’s attempt to do just that.”

The appeal was brought by several ISPs — Verizon, Comcast, AT&T and affiliates — with amicus support from Electronic Frontier Foundation, the ACLU, the ACLU of the Nation's Capitol, Public Citizen and Public Knowledge.

The ruling in AF Holdings LLC vs. Cox Communications, 12-7135, is a key one because it likely will discourage copyright infringement suits against large numbers of defendants seeking to corner them through embarrassment or costly litigation into paying settlements without establishing a sound legal basis, according to the EFF.

"Prenda, and other groups like it, wanted to use the courts' subpoena power to identify Internet subscribers, then shake them down for $2,000-$4,000 'settlements,'" the EFF's Mitch Stoltz said. "They assuredly didn’t want to invest the time and expense needed to actually figure out who, if anyone, likely infringed a copyright. Trolls use court processes not to enforce their rights or to protect a legitimate business, but to make a profitable business out of groundless threats and intimidation."

View ruling by the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia

Related:  

Copyright © 2026 Adnet Media. All Rights Reserved. XBIZ is a trademark of Adnet Media.
Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited.

More News

Stephanie Love Stars in Latest From Evil Angel

Stephanie Love stars with directors/performers Francesca Le and Mark Wood, aka LeWood, in “Stephanie & Francesca Anal 3-Way,” from Evil Angel.

Cherie DeVille Stars in Latest From Brazzers

Multi-XMAs winner Cherie DeVille stars with Mike Ox in the latest Brazzers scene, titled “Trespassing Her Yard.”

Natasha Nice Headlines 'Cheating With My Wife 3' From Sweet Sinner

Natasha Nice headlines "Cheating With My Wife 3," the latest release from Mile High Media studio brand Sweet Sinner.

X3 Expo Day 2 Delivers Stars, Screenings and Fan Favorites

The sun once again shone brightly on the historic Hollywood Palladium as throngs of avid fans made their way through the doors, ready to experience Day 2 of the 2026 X3 Expo.

X3 Expo Kicks Into Gear With an All-Star Lineup

Outside the historic Hollywood Palladium on Friday, a huge crowd of fans lined Sunset Boulevard, eagerly awaiting the opening of the 2026 X3 Expo and their big chance to meet the cream of the crop of adult stars.

2026 XBIZ Honors Salutes Resilience Across the Online Adult Industry

The 2026 XBIZ Honors packed house Wednesday night, turning the Kimpton Everly Hotel’s Nichols Ballroom into a gala celebration of industry excellence.

Zara Makes Her Studio Debut for Blacked

Newcomer Zara has made her studio debut for Vixen Media Group studio imprint Blacked, alongside Anton Harden.

Elevated X Adds CCBill Integration for Payment Processing

Elevated X has added CCBill integration for payment processing to its ELXNexus traffic management and affiliate program software.

Kylie Rocket Leads Dorcel's 'Couture No. 4'

Kylie Rocket headlines the latest release from Dorcel, titled “Couture No. 4.”

Anna de Ville Toplines Latest 'Desperate Anal MILFs' From David Perry

Anna de Ville headlines the seventh volume of director David Perry's "Desperate Anal MILFs," now available from Evil Angel.

Show More