D.C. Circuit Hands Prenda Law a Stinging Defeat

WASHINGTON — A federal appeals court yesterday rebuffed Prenda Law's attempt to  subpoena identifying information on more than 1,000 allegedly illegal porn downloads.

The decision by the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia is a stinging one for the copyright troll law firm and is the first appellate ruling on key tactics employed by them to tilt the playing field.

“It is quite obvious that AF Holdings could not possibly have had a good faith belief that it could successfully sue the overwhelming majority of the 1,058 John Doe defendants in this district,” U.S. Circuit Judge David Tatel wrote. “AF Holdings clearly abused the discovery process.”

Tatel and two other judges ruled that AF Holdings is not entitled to contact information for people whose IP addresses were linked to BitTorrent downloads of the film “Popular Demand” because few of them live in the District of Columbia, where the lawsuit was filed.

As a result, the panel said it’s unlikely any connection exists among all of the Internet addresses subject to the subpoena.

"To paraphrase an analogy offered by amicus counsel at oral argument, two BitTorrent users who download the same file months apart are like two individuals who play at the same blackjack table at different times," the 16-page ruling said. "They may have won the same amount of money, employed the same strategy, and perhaps even played with the same dealer, but they have still engaged in entirely separate transactions."

Tatel criticized counsel from Prenda Law, noting that a judge in another case, Los Angeles federal jurist Otis Wright, had described it as a “porno-trolling collective” and that the firm “appears to have disbanded and then reconstituted itself in a similar form." AF Holdings is represented by Paul Duffy, who works for Prenda Law.

"[S]ometimes individuals seek to manipulate judicial procedures to serve their own improper ends. This case calls upon us to evaluate — and put a stop to — one litigant’s attempt to do just that.”

The appeal was brought by several ISPs — Verizon, Comcast, AT&T and affiliates — with amicus support from Electronic Frontier Foundation, the ACLU, the ACLU of the Nation's Capitol, Public Citizen and Public Knowledge.

The ruling in AF Holdings LLC vs. Cox Communications, 12-7135, is a key one because it likely will discourage copyright infringement suits against large numbers of defendants seeking to corner them through embarrassment or costly litigation into paying settlements without establishing a sound legal basis, according to the EFF.

"Prenda, and other groups like it, wanted to use the courts' subpoena power to identify Internet subscribers, then shake them down for $2,000-$4,000 'settlements,'" the EFF's Mitch Stoltz said. "They assuredly didn’t want to invest the time and expense needed to actually figure out who, if anyone, likely infringed a copyright. Trolls use court processes not to enforce their rights or to protect a legitimate business, but to make a profitable business out of groundless threats and intimidation."

View ruling by the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia

Related:  

Copyright © 2026 Adnet Media. All Rights Reserved. XBIZ is a trademark of Adnet Media.
Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited.

More News

Cali Sweets Fronts Latest From MYLF

Cali Sweets stars with Pierce Paris and multi-XMAs winner Derek Kage in the latest release from MYLF series “MYLF Singles.”

Andi Avalon Stars in Latest From New Sensations

Andi Avalon stars with reigning and three-time XMAs Male Performer of the Year Vince Karter in the latest release from New Sensations.

Courtney Tillia Makes Her Brazzers Debut

Courtney Tillia has made her Brazzers debut alongside Victor Ray in “The Secret Pervy Life of the Mind.”

Lilly Benz, Chris Epic Front New Release from Grooby

Lilly Benz stars with Chris Epic in the latest release from Grooby Girls, titled “Grooby Plumbing to the Rescue.”

Cheerleader Kait Makes Her Vixen Debut

Cheerleader Kait has made her Vixen debut alongside multi-XMAs winner Alex Jones in the new scene “Petite Hottie Has a Tight Grip.”

Eporner Must Face Copyright Suit After Judge Affirms Jurisdiction

A U.S. district court has ruled that it has jurisdiction to hear a copyright infringement lawsuit brought by adult website operators against tube site Eporner, even though Eporner is based outside the United States.

Isa Bella Headlines Latest Volume of Sweet Sinner's 'Why We Cheat'

Isa Bella toplines the second volume of "Why We Cheat," the latest release from Mile High Media studio imprint Sweet Sinner.

Deeper Debuts Kayden Kross Fantasy Feature 'Equilibrium'

Vixen Media Group studio imprint Deeper has released the first installment of multi-XMA-winning director Kayden Kross's new fantasy feature “Equilibrium.”

BranditScan Launches API, Affiliate Initiatives

BranditScan has launched its new public API and an affiliate program for creators.

Sophia Locke Stars in Latest From New Sensations

Reigning XMAs MILF Performer of the Year Sophia Locke stars with Vince Karter and Will Pounder in the latest release from New Sensations.

Show More